worship. Our knowledge of the spiritual life and literature of the Jewish communities in other centres of the Jewish Diaspora, Antioch, Ephesus, or Rome,9 is not greater, but much more limited. We have no occasion to speculate that the corpus of sacred writings in use in the synagogues there, stored in the Torah ark and utilized in worship and instruction, was larger than in the homeland. From the very beginning, Christians—as a Jewish-messianic sect with a strong missionary impulse—utilized and